科特罗马牛是20世纪上半叶开发的俄罗斯品种。它是在俄罗斯上伏尔加省地区的野蛮瘤中开发的。
该品种主要是基于杂交的局部改善而创建的牛品种with Alllgau, Brown Swiss and Ayrshire bulls. Two improved herds of local cattle the ‘Miskov and Babaev’ in the Kostroma area were the basis of this breed.
在19世纪后期，巴巴耶夫牛群与来自德国南部的阿尔高公牛交叉，并与1912年的布朗瑞士人形式交叉。
Crossbreeding with Brown Swiss breed continued on State farms from 1920, and some Ayrshire bulls were used. The average milk production in the herd of the Karavaevo state farm reached 6310 kg in 1940.
Today the breed is used primarily for milk production and also for meat production. The Kostroma cattle breed was recognized by the Soviet People’s Commissariat of Agriculture on November 27, 1944. Read some more information about the breed below.
Table of Contents
kostromaCattle Characteristics
科特罗马牛的外观与棕色瑞士牛有相似之处。但是它们的头部和身体比棕色瑞士人更窄。
These animals are easily characterized by a strong constitution, hardiness and high milk production over a ling lifetime. Their back and loin are straighter and wider. They are generally light grey in color with a yellow top line. Info fromWikipedia。
Uses
kostroma牛是双重目的动物。但是今天，它们主要用作牛奶生产的奶牛。它们也具有良好的牛肉特征。
特别笔记
kostroma牛是一种非常耐寒的动物。奶牛是非常好的牛奶生产者，有些奶牛可以生产牛奶，直到二十岁。奶牛的典型牛奶产量从3900至5000公斤不等，蛋白质为3.3-3.6％，脂肪含量为3.7-3.9％。
But under intensive management the cows can produce about 6000 to 8000 kg of milk per lactation (sometimes as much as 10000 kg). Like most other奶牛品种，kostroma奶牛通常在行为上保持温顺，并具有相对平静的气质。
The breed is also good for meat production. On average, a yearling steer can reach about 450-500 kg with a dressing percentage of 58 to 60 percent. Review full breed profile of this breed in the chart below.
| 品种名称 | kostroma |
| Other Name | 俄语：listomian：listomian：listomian：生Kostromskaya poroda krupnogo rogatogo skota kostromskaya poroda krogatogo skota |
| 品种目的 | 主要是牛奶，也是肉 |
| 特别笔记 | Docile, friendly, good milkers |
| Breed Size | Medium to large |
| 气候耐受性 | 所有气候 |
| Coat Color | 浅灰色和黄色顶线 |
| 牛奶产量 | Excellent |
| Rarity | Common |
| Country/Place of Origin | Russia |
